The top group wanted to encourage USA to become more extremist by presenting a catalyst (9-11), bottom duo are part the solution created by the reaction
Yes; even in late 2001 I already saw a lot of agreement that "the terrorists have won". The post-9/11 era saw a large jump in executive power, deepened internal political division, an erosion of individual rights, and an upswing in fear and xenophobia. All of this led to decreased stability and that's exactly what the attacks were aiming for.
In the end the attacks only accelerated an ongoing process of decay but they did so very effectively.
I think they are linked. 9/11 made the us go in a very fascy way and this was Bin Ladens goal. Destroy American power. Trump is just the culmination of that