Women were the "scientists" when men (and some women too!) were running after mammoths. Physical strength was irrelevant. If you wanted to figure out if you could eat that plant or how to prevent infection in that leg you weren't going to ask a dude.
Can we stop calling a single country in Europe "Europe"? Europe isn't like the US. It consists of different countries with different laws and regulations.
Everything you've mentioned is going back up again.
Fun fact: when research showed that vaccination against Covid results in way fewer hospital admissions, Trump blocked the publication.