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9 mo. ago
  • This week I read an article from march 2025 about asian (read chinese) PCBs and why they are dangerous. The scary part was, that inside the layers of a PCB the manufacturer could hide parts like chips for espionage or fuses to short a circuit that are hard or impossible to detect:

    In addition, specific manipulation scenarios are examined. The study demonstrates that it is technically possible to integrate additional components – such as spy chips – into the inner layers of multilayer PCBs. These often remain undetected even during X-ray examinations. Weaknesses in design, such as in the layout of capacities, can also be exploited to enable side-channel attacks. These are attacks that do not directly target algorithms or data, but exploit physical or logical side effects of a system. Attackers observe and analyse these side effects to extract protected information or algorithms.

    Here is the article, but it's in German: https://www.all-electronics.de/elektronik-fertigung/warum-asiatische-leiterplatten-so-guenstig-und-gefaehrlich-sind/725088

    There have also been cases where communication equipment which was not part of the original design was found in Chinese solar power inverters: https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/climate-energy/ghost-machine-rogue-communication-devices-found-chinese-inverters-2025-05-14/

    With such manipulated inverters I guess it could be possible to power down a good chunk of pv generators to destabilize the power grid. This could come in handy for China if they decide to take Taiwan (but this is just a very wild speculation from my part!).