Catalyst doesn't exist anymore, it was replaced by AMDGPU-PRO years ago.
The Radeon Mesa driver (radeonsi) is generally faster than AMDGPU-PRO OpenGL for gaming, and has been for years. On the Vulkan side, performance is usually fairly close between the Mesa driver (RADV), AMDVLK and AMDGPU-PRO.
AMDGPU is just the kernel driver, which is used by both the Mesa drivers and AMDGPU-PRO, so why is it listed separately?
For Intel, I think the hardware was holding it back more than the driver, especially since they've replaced the classic Mesa drivers with Gallium based ones. But now they're doing the Arc stuff.
I don't know if I would say that Nvidia proprietary runs well
Also nvidia doesn't support so many APIs, so so things like loading screens break, it also makes it impossible to report kernel issues due to a tainted kernel
The fact that 4 of these drivers are part of mesa and OP doesn't know the name of the first one (probably r600, as radeonsi and radv are what is meant by amdgpu) shows the questionabilty of this chart.
Also OP never tried to run Wayland or KMS on NVIDIA. Granny can drive better than that.
I'm going team red because I'm not booting into Windows just to play Starfield. Not having open source video drivers is a recipe to get massively fucked later on down the line as the enshitification of computers continue.
AMD is probably the best choice for Linux now, not that nVidia isn't still as fast for gaming, but there are a number of limitations to using both the proprietary and open source nVidia driver, and proprietary is the only option for nVidia if you want decent performance.
My wife had huge problems with xruns due to some sort of bug in the nVidia proprietary driver running with a real time kernel.
Xrun is when the Audio doesn't fill buffers in time, usually it's just a few milliseconds and mostly inaudible, but it's no good, if you are making music.
I'm sure for most either is fine today. But if you want to engage in open source development, AMD is by far the best choice, because the open source driver is much more well behaved, both than the nVidia open source and proprietary drivers.
As others have mentioned, this is super old. Also, catalyst is not nearly as reckless and dangerous as it should be. It was more like letting a drunk child drive a school bus.