Do you think the Arab Palestinian leaders believed in respecting the potential partitition??
Indeed, many regions saw uprisings against the Ottomans, with some being genocided and some managing to break off and form their own country. Depending on the period and sultan, jews were actually better off under the Ottomans than they were under other muslim or christian rulers. Relatively speaking of course, because they were always still systemically discriminated against based on their religion. When they saw the Ottoman empire itself turn away from the relative self-rule system for religions towards forced pan-islamism, and the regions that managed to break away towards their own religious fundamentalism (because the factions coming out on top were almost always of such aligment), one could see the writing on the wall and the logical escape path would be to try and form their own country as well.