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The ROTH IRA (USA) requires earned income to be allowed to deposit (add) money. There is no rule that the money earned is the money deposed. If your kid has a job, and you have extra money, look into opening a ROTH with them. Kid spends their money (or not), and deposits your money in their account. Bingo setting kid up for old age.
I am not a tax accountant.
That's a fairly common strategy - give your kid a gift up to the max amount that isn't taxable, which they then deposit into their retirement account.
There is also SEP IRA
What is SEP IRA?
It's a typical IRA but catered to self employed individuals
Also income limits on a Roth IRA are easy to circumvent with the back door workaround.
What's the workaround?
From Wikipedia:
Regardless of income but subject to contribution limits, contributions can be made to a Traditional IRA and then converted to a Roth IRA.[23] This allows for "backdoor" contributions where individuals are able to make Roth IRA contributions even if their income is above the limits.
Ah gotcha thanks. I thought you were referencing a contribution limit workaround
Then one needs the Mega Backdoor ROTH