Possible; it's also possible they're believing lies being told to them by people who benefit from others having false beliefs.
Information asymmetry often works to the benefit of employers and landlords, for example. If workers and tenants do have lots of options, but don't believe they do, they're more likely to settle for shitty jobs and housing.
There's a common lie told by upper managers in a lot of industries: "Our business is perpetually in danger; so we can't afford to pay you more because then we will go out of business and you'll all lose your jobs anyway."