Molly - a better signal

I don't see an issue as signal is designed not to trust the server. Signal also uses sealed sender and Perfect Forward Secrecy, which is something almost all e2ee messengers lack. What it means in practice is signal leaks very little if any metadata, if you leak metadata you give away details about who your talking to and for how long, etc. Examples might include talking with a suicide hotline, or a doctor, maybe a customer service agent at a company and for how long. Those details will give a lot away about you, even if the messages or calls themselves are encrypted. Matrix is not recommended for communication because it fails to properly hide metadata and actively trusts the servers. When you make a call on signal, as long as both users have "Always Relay Calls" set to disabled, your calls will be peer to peer instead of trusting a central server to facilitate the connection and trusting a middle man. What this means is since the connection is peer to peer you can leak your IP address to the user you're talking to, however a VPN fixes this issue.

Thanks for taking the time to reply. There are multiple issues with centralization.
A prime one is that the entity that you (have no choice but to) trust today will eventually turn against you at some point down the road. In the case of Signal, the writing is on the wall already: using a 3rd party client is against Signal's ToS, and Signal has been seen pushing controversial features like crypto payments that, as a user of their captive ecosystem, you have no choice but to engage with.
Signal is an entity that's incorporated in a jurisdiction and might be compelled by law not to provide service for certain users, or to degrade its encryption to comply with the local regulator. Using a centralized service like Signal makes you an easily identifiable/prime target in such a scenario.
No matter what Signal says, nobody but themselves can verify what code runs on their servers, and what amount of logging/data processing goes there. Because every account checks in through them, because every message is routed through them, there is no technical barrier to knowing who's who, who's talking to whom and when, with the nature of the communication (text, video, image, …) from which a lot can be inferred. As far as I understand the American law, any agency could tap into that, either directly, or via Amazon on which the whole thing is running. I am not paranoid enough to believe that 3 letter agencies belong to one's typical threat model, but with SGX contact discovery from phone number and sealed senders, Signal kindah panders to those? Either way, those are unverifiable mitigations to problems that decentralized systems do not have.
I could go on and on, but the first one is the main one IMO: we are past the need to trust anybody with our instant messaging and put a fundamental aspect of our lives at the mercy of (geo)political and societal woes. That's practically a solved problem in the opensource world, and we can make it ethical and sustainable by just opting out of the dominative model of monopolistic and centralized systems.
- A prime one is that the entity that you (have no choice but to) trust today will eventually turn against you at some point down the road.
  How does that change with federation, you always trust someone. Why should I trust the shady person running software on their basement, even if you self host, you are trusting the developers not to ship bad or poorly written code.
  using a 3rd party client is against Signal's ToS
  As far as it being against signals tos, molly exists and had not received any problems from the signal foundation to my knowledge, discord has the same clause and they don't seem to give a rats ass. Sure they could enforce it but they don't, and personally with how matrix clients are handled they have mixed security, fluffychat has security issues ranging from outdated SDK versions to quite literally ddosing homeservers because of a non-existent rate limit.
  pushing controversial features like crypto payments
  The crypto stuff wasn't great but you know what's cool? You don't have to use it. Simple as that. You don't have to engage with it and you and I both know that. It's buried in settings and you have to find it yourself.
  Signal is an entity that's incorporated in a jurisdiction and might be compelled by law or to degrade its encryption to comply with the local regulator.
  I've always used integrity as a metric as to how trustworthy a service is, and in terms of signals e2ee, they've never lied about it, it's been proven in court multiple times not having any data on their users, no government can compel anyone or any company for things they don't have. Signal had everything to lose by lying about their encryption and nothing to gain, so why would they? Why would any company take a huge chance at a death blow just because? Signal is a non profit so they don't have any incentive to degrade it, they would be dead tomorrow if they got caught.
  Using a centralized service like Signal makes you an easily identifiable/prime target in such a scenario.
  Signal is not an anonymity tool, and has never been advertised as such, if you need anonymity, signal is not a good choice. You can make it more anonymous by using a burner phone but that's a different topic.
  No matter what Signal says, nobody but themselves can verify what code runs on their servers
  You can't really confirm what any software can or cannot do, even if it runs on your system. Open source software is bound to the same principals of code, it will do exactly what you tell it to do, even if it is not intended (a 0-day, bug, etc.). Thousands of people constantly are monitoring the Linux kernel and it is still found to have tons of 0 days baked in due to it running a fuck ton on ring zero. You can't just inspect code and know exactly what it's doing, unless it's a hello world program it gets quite complicated. Verified safety numbers also make sure that no man-in-the-middle attacks can take place, making conversations even more trustworthy and still not trusting any server.
  As far as I understand the American law, any agency could tap into that, either directly, or via Amazon on which the whole thing is running.
  If everything is encrypted, what could Amazon tap? You do realize sealed sender and PFS take away any trust from the server correct? It's all encrypted, your aren't trusting the server at all, it's completely trust-less, and unless you think Amazon or governments can at this very moment tap any encrypted data and decrypt it, I would recommend taking a walk outside and realize that no one, NO ONE can decrypt current encrypted standards.
  Unless you can point me to a reputable article showing in great detail that signal is lying about their e2ee claims then I'll rest my case. Signal has been proven time and time again to not have any data on their users except the minimum required for the service to work, that's called integrity.
  Also there will always be someone you trust on the internet, nothing will change that unless we completely rethink how the internet works.
  Edit: added quotes Edit 2: added extra info
  
  A prime one is that the entity that you (have no choice but to) trust today will eventually turn against you at some point down the road.
  How does that change with federation, you always trust someone. Why should I trust the shady person running software on their basement, even if you self host, you are trusting the developers not to ship bad or poorly written code.
  Federation is different in that:
  you can chose amongst a very diverse pool of providers, including local ones that you actually have a chance to meet in person, those with shared ideals that enable long-lasting/mutually-beneficial relationships, some operating truly in the open and enabling a just and provable retribution for the offered service (i.e. "you are not the product"), etc
  you can be your own provider, and with "turnkey" self-hosting options like https://snikket.org/ , it's never been easier to do it safely at small/medium scale, and cheaply (e.g. for a family/neighbourhood/association on a shared instance/RPi/…)
  choosing a provider never cuts you off from the rest of the network: you are not tied to anyone, and you can migrate with no drama nor loss of contacts/histories/data like is the case when the captive networks "flavour of the year" inevitably shut down.
  using a 3rd party client is against Signal’s ToS
  As far as it being against signals tos, molly exists and had not received any problems from the signal foundation to my knowledge, discord has the same clause and they don’t seem to give a rats ass.
  You must be new on the internet to believe that this is a sustainable state of affairs. Google was letting you use GApps for free until it didn't. Reddit used to be mostly usable and ads/clutter-free until it wasn't. Recently Unity pulled a weird one against their users and customers for a quick buck. Examples are plenty, and more recently people have referred to this as "enshittification" or "the tyranny of the marginal user". Such monopolistic networks are particularly prone to that phenomenon, by design. Personally I don't want to live under the constant threat of a single entity potentially changing its mind/ToS, and I certainly don't want to drag my family, friends and peers into the gamble.
  pushing controversial features like crypto payments
  The crypto stuff wasn’t great but you know what’s cool? You don’t have to use it. Simple as that. You don’t have to engage with it and you and I both know that. It’s buried in settings and you have to find it yourself.
  fair but you missed the point: Signal already controls and enforce this aspect of your user experience, which only benefits themselves, in spite of the significant backlash. Sure you can feign blindness, but what's next and what recourse will you have ?
  Signal is an entity that’s incorporated in a jurisdiction and might be compelled by law or to degrade its encryption to comply with the local regulator.
  I’ve always used integrity as a metric as to how trustworthy a service is, and in terms of signals e2ee, they’ve never lied about it, it’s been proven in court multiple times not having any data on their users, no government can compel anyone or any company for things they don’t have.
  Integrity has nothing to do with that, Signal can absolutely be forced by law to suspend its service in some countries (e.g. to implement sanctions) and whole regions can disappear from the network overnight. In terms of resiliency, that's pretty much how email (federated) just works from anywhere, but things like WhatsApp are blocked in e.g. China or allowed to work without E2EE (e.g. in some Gulf countries).
  You can’t really confirm what any software can or cannot do
  Sure, but you missed my point, in case of sealed senders and contacts discovery, we are not talking about zero-knowledge/E2EE but about Signal basically saying "trust us, bro, we ain't looking at it" which can't be proven one way or the other.
  If everything is encrypted, what could Amazon tap? You do realize sealed sender and PFS take away any trust from the server correct?
  I'm not sure that you understand what's really going on. All your messages are routed through Signal. You can absolutely infer who's talking to whom with enough frames by just matching packets popping out of X and being received by Y. Encryption plays no role in that because this takes place at a lower level. At least some protocols like XMPP let you host services entirely on Tor or to even skip the central server.
- with the nature of the communication (text, video, image, …) from which a lot can be inferred
  If the messages are E2EE, the server wouldn't have access to this information.
  
  It would, just looking at how much data gets transferred
signal is designed not to trust the server
Unfortunately this is not enough. A malicious Signal server can mount a timing correlation attack and infer the social graph of an user. Having a centralized server makes it more difficult to mitigate such risk.
Relying on a centralized service can still be problematic. If nothing else it's a central point of failure, even if you don't have any particular privacy concerns due to the usage of end-to-end encryption. Signal also relies on Intel SGX for some of their privacy features on the server, which is somewhat dubious. AFAIK this is currently mostly used for contact discovery, which would otherwise be an even worse situation, but it has seemed in the past like they were interested in expanding this, though maybe that's just all speculation. Regardless, my main concern with signal being centralized is that you have a lot less control over your chat. Signal can change on a moments notice and it's all just gone.

Yes and no. decentralization is great for a lot of reasons but it does come with downsides. I don't know about you, but i convinced my family and friends to use and keep Signal for years now and i don't think i would have had such luck with Matrix/Element, let alone a p2p app.

I'm glad decentralized options exist and think they deserve more funding and love, however.

I managed to convince my family to use XMPP. Since about 2015. It's been great, and apparently is getting better since more are joining :)
My family uses Matrix, and if some don't, I don't talk to them online.
Just as a side note: You can easily use Matrix with a signal bridge if you selfhost (or use Beeper, which is Matrix with central bridge management)

Look at https://simplex.im/ then. It's work in progress but the design is good.

But I'm glad to have a better Signal client too.

A wonderful chat application indeed! Wish SimpleX was built with Material You support though.
The page isn't loading currently… What protocol is it using? and if neither XMPP or Matrix, then why even bother?

Some interesting thoughts on this from the Signal creator: https://signal.org/blog/the-ecosystem-is-moving/

And an objection by the author of a popular XMPP client: https://gultsch.de/objection.html
- That’s a good response I hadn’t read before - thanks. Still so relevant 7 years on.
  
  And since that time, XMPP has improved significantly (more integrated with other protocols, more efficient client and server implementations, bridges from and to activitypub, more approachable, easier to self-host...), but Signal.looks to have ... stagnated? Well... the crypto payments/web3 shady stuff aside :)
- of a popular XMPP client
  10k downloads for a hideous outdated app is popular now?
  
  FYI that's an app that's used by the German police and in several other "sensitive" contexts where users won't just pull it from the play store :) ISIS even had their own fork at a point.
  
  Source?
  
  https://gultsch.social/@daniel/109828650796048124
  
  that website is broken beyond belief, I can't confirm anything
  talking about the police site, not the mastodon link
  
  It really took me a second to figure out: https://www.bundespolizei.de/Web/DE/Service/Mediathek/Jahresberichte/jahresbericht_2020_file.pdf , click on the PDF link, hop to page 48. But even without that, do you really believe that the developer of the app, who's making a living of it, would commit financial suicide by lying so openly about such a trivial thing? Either way, with or without Conversations, XMPP is used by millions of users daily: https://www.rst.software/blog/22-companies-using-xmpp-and-ejabberd-to-build-instant-messaging-services
  https://xmpp.org/uses/instant-messaging/
  
  Huh interesting, I actually had no idea those big apps used XMPP. Would it be easy for them to add e2ee if they wanted to?
  
  It depends, E2EE is mostly a client thing and most of them implement OMEMO as a standard: https://omemo.top/
  OMEMO is XMPP's take on the double ratchet algorithm (very similar to Signal's), MLS is in the works as the hot new cross-protocols standard (but is inferior to OMEMO:2 when it comes to metadata encryption), PGP is often an option for the cases where perfect forward secrecy isn't desired, and OTR is still used in niche cases when you want E2EE across protocols.
  In fact, E2EE was a thing in XMPP world since about 10 years… before Signal existed.
Yeah and that doesn't change the fact that decentralization is better for freedom
"It’s what Slack did with IRC, what Facebook did with email, and what WhatsApp has done with XMPP". Doesn't he also notice a certain thing in common? Y'know, that they turned hostile?
- For sure he notices; the author runs their own email server and founded a direct competitor to WhatsApp. The author is making the point that what each of those have done - build proprietary software around federated protocols - is a financially lucrative business model. I'm sad to agree.
  FWIW my opinion is that Signal's actions against these clients is petty and just shit. Thankfully, elsewhere we can see things happening differently: the interaction between Tailscale, Headscale and Wireguard gives me hope. Sourcehut is a cool project too.

You got me there. There aren't a lot of alternatives that have the same stability

That's what Session is

Which is actually on fdroid, unlike Signal who explicitly refuses to support degoogled ecosystems

Weird as I get signal from f-droid.
- from what repo
  moxie specifically made a statement that he refuses to support fdroid, it's not in the fdroid repo
  https://github.com/signalapp/Signal-Android/issues/127
  don't post misinfo
  
  It's still there. You said nothing about a specific repository. That's not "missinfo". How about you calm your rhetoric.
  
  because it's not in the fdroid or IzzyOnDroid repo... so explain
  I showed you the creator of signal explicitly saying he refuses to support fdroid
  
  Signal-FOSS is on the TwinHelix F-Droid repository https://fdroid.twinhelix.com/fdroid/repo/?fingerprint=7B03B0232209B21B10A30A63897D3C6BCA4F58FE29BC3477E8E3D8CF8E304028
  Signal is on the CalyxOS F-Droid repository https://github.com/CalyxOS/calyx-fdroid-repo
  
  Signal-Foss has been made redundant and has stopped development for years. They added push notifications on degoogled phones, but Signal added that themselves.
  The CalyxOS repository is a smaller repo only preinstalled on CalyxOS phones and it's really rarely added outside of Calyx phones. So I'm going to take a guess you're running CalyxOS to have that on your fdroid. Which I love the CalyxOS project btw, I've used them for a number of years and did a few commits to the project.
  
  To be fair both are small repositories, yes, but I managed to find them both when looking for a way to install Signal via F-Droid. And no, I'm not running CalyxOS, but a different degoogled ROM :)
  I might be wrong, but TwinHelix's Signal-FOSS seems to still be active, the latest update I found on their F-Droid repository and their GitHub is from yesterday: https://github.com/tw-hx/Signal-Android/releases/tag/v6.32.5.0-FOSS
  But anyway, I just wanted to share these 2 sources since I saw the Signal / F-Droid discussion happening. It could be useful to someone. I don't know enough to judge what option is better.
- Is there some signing in place to ensure it's not a malicious repo? I don't really trust unofficial F-Droid repos.
  
  Unfortunately not. I'm trusting others who know better but if you want trusted as best as it can be you're stuck with the play store sadly.
  
  If I remember correctly F-Droid supports reproducible builds, but it's a matter of the app developer supporting them. So there is light at the end of the tunnel, we're just not there yet.
You can download the APK from their website and it auto updates itself. It fetches notifications without Google required.
- That's not the point
  
  What's the point then? Is it fdroid specifically?
  
  The point is that the community asked multiple times and they only started allowing apk downloads so people would stop asking. The signal project is open source for auditing purposes only, they have voiced their lament of forks and threatened to ban/block anyone not using an official client and refuse to make it easy to install through a package manager of the user's choosing. The version without Google cloud messaging has unreliable message delivery, even though there is unifiedpush as a standard that would allow people to register with any push notification service.